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Escrow Definitions and Separate Accounts
escrow 'Commingling' means maintaining others' funds in the same account with personal/business funds. 'Trust money' is money belonging to others received by a licensee acting as agent/facilitator or held as temporary custodian. Each principal broker must maintain a separate escrow/trustee account for trust money.
Key Rules
- ✓Commingling is maintaining others' funds in the same account as personal or business funds
- ✓Each principal broker must maintain a separate escrow/trustee account for trust money
- ✓An affiliated broker must pay all trust money to the principal broker immediately upon receipt
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Principal Broker Responsibility for Trust Money
escrow Principal brokers are responsible at all times for trust money accepted by them or their affiliated brokers. When a contract authorizes the broker to hold trust money, the contract must specify disbursement terms and the name/address of who holds the money. The broker is relieved of responsibility when another authorized entity receives the money.
Key Rules
- ✓Principal brokers are responsible at all times for trust money per contract terms
- ✓Contract must specify disbursement terms and the name and address of who holds the trust money
- ✓Broker is relieved of responsibility when a specified escrow agent receives the trust money
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Proper Disbursement of Trust Money
escrow A principal broker may properly disburse trust money upon reasonable interpretation of the contract, a separate written agreement signed by all interested parties, at closing, upon rejection or withdrawal of an offer, upon filing an interpleader action, or upon court order.
Key Rules
- ✓Disbursement allowed by reasonable contract interpretation, separate signed agreement, at closing, rejection/withdrawal of offer, interpleader, or court order
- ✓Trust money must be disbursed in a proper manner without unreasonable delay
- ✓Postdated checks may not be accepted for trust money unless provided in the offer
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Earnest Money 21-Day Disbursement Rule
escrow Absent a compelling reason, earnest money must be disbursed, interpleaded, or turned over to an attorney with interpleader instructions within twenty-one (21) calendar days from the date of receipt of a written request for disbursement.
Key Rules
- ✓Earnest money must be disbursed, interpleaded, or given to attorney within 21 calendar days of a written disbursement request
- ✓This requirement is absent a demonstration of a compelling reason
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Deposit Timing and Lease Account Requirements
escrow Trust money must be deposited into an escrow/trustee account promptly upon acceptance of the offer unless the offer states 'Trust money to be deposited by:'. All trust money related to leasing property must be held in one or more separate escrow/trustee accounts. Commingling within firm accounts is expressly prohibited.
Key Rules
- ✓Deposit trust money promptly upon acceptance unless offer states a specific deposit time
- ✓Lease-related trust money must be held in one or more separate escrow/trustee accounts
- ✓Commingling of funds within firm accounts is expressly prohibited
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Interest-Bearing Escrow Accounts
escrow Interest-bearing escrow/trustee accounts are neither required nor prohibited. If used, the licensee must disclose to the payor at contract execution that the deposit will be interest-bearing, execute a written agreement on disposition of interest, acknowledge the licensee does not own the money or interest until properly disbursed, and keep detailed accounting of interest earned.
Key Rules
- ✓Disclose interest-bearing account to payor and execute written agreement on interest disposition at contract execution
- ✓Licensee does not own trust money or interest earned until properly disbursed
- ✓Keep detailed and accurate accounting of interest earned for each separate deposit