The West Coast +3Canada Citizenship · Citizenship · English

British Columbia (B.C.), on the Pacific coast, is Canada's westernmost province, with a population of four million. It is known for majestic mountains and as Canada's Pacific gateway. The Port of Vancouver is Canada's largest and busiest and the gateway to the Asia-Pacific. About one-half of goods produced in B.C. are forestry products. Chinese and Punjabi are the most spoken languages after English. Victoria is the capital.

• ✓British Columbia is Canada's westernmost province
• ✓The Port of Vancouver is Canada's largest and busiest port
• ✓Chinese and Punjabi are the most spoken languages after English in B.C. cities
• ✓Victoria is the capital

Nunavut, meaning 'our land' in Inuktitut, was established in 1999 from the eastern part of the Northwest Territories. The capital is Iqaluit, formerly Frobisher Bay, named after English explorer Martin Frobisher. The 19-member Legislative Assembly chooses a premier and ministers by consensus. The population is about 85% Inuit, and Inuktitut is an official language and the first language in schools.

• ✓Nunavut was established in 1999
• ✓Nunavut means 'our land' in Inuktitut
• ✓Iqaluit is the capital
• ✓The population is about 85% Inuit

The Northwest Territories, Nunavut and Yukon contain one-third of Canada's land mass but have a population of only 100,000. The North is called the 'Land of the Midnight Sun' because daylight can last up to 24 hours in summer. Much of the North is tundra, the vast rocky Arctic plain, where the soil is permanently frozen. Inuit art is sold worldwide.

• ✓The three territories contain one-third of Canada's land mass
• ✓They have a population of only 100,000
• ✓The North is called the 'Land of the Midnight Sun'
• ✓Much of the North is tundra with permanently frozen soil

Thousands of miners came to the Yukon during the Gold Rush of the 1890s, celebrated in the poetry of Robert W. Service. Mining remains significant. Whitehorse is the territorial capital. Yukon holds the record for the coldest temperature ever recorded in Canada (-63°C). Mount Logan in the Yukon is the highest mountain in Canada.

• ✓The Yukon Gold Rush occurred in the 1890s
• ✓Whitehorse is the capital of Yukon
• ✓Yukon holds the coldest recorded temperature in Canada (-63°C)
• ✓Mount Logan is Canada's highest mountain

The Northwest Territories (N.W.T.) were made up in 1870 from Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory. The capital, Yellowknife, is called the 'diamond capital of North America.' More than half the population is Aboriginal (Dene, Inuit and Métis). The Mackenzie River, at 4,200 kilometres, is the second-longest river system in North America after the Mississippi.

• ✓Yellowknife is the capital, called the 'diamond capital of North America'
• ✓More than half the population is Aboriginal
• ✓The Mackenzie River is the second-longest river system in North America

Canada's vast North brings security and sovereignty challenges. The Canadian Rangers, part of the Canadian Forces Reserves (militia), play a key role. Drawing on indigenous knowledge, they travel by snowmobile in winter and all-terrain vehicles in summer from Resolute to the Magnetic North Pole, keeping the flag flying in Canada's Arctic.

• ✓The Canadian Rangers are part of the Canadian Forces Reserves (militia)
• ✓They protect security and sovereignty in Canada's North
• ✓They draw on indigenous knowledge and experience

Three responsibilities of citizenship are: obeying the law, taking responsibility for oneself and one's family, and serving on a jury. These are core obligations that citizens must fulfil.

• ✓Obeying the law is a responsibility of citizenship
• ✓Taking responsibility for oneself and one's family is a responsibility
• ✓Serving on a jury is a responsibility of citizenship

The Remembrance Day poppy is worn to remember the sacrifice of Canadians who have served or died in wars up to the present day. Remembrance Day is observed on November 11.

• ✓The poppy honours the sacrifice of Canadians who served or died in wars
• ✓It commemorates sacrifices up to the present day
• ✓Remembrance Day is November 11

Members of Parliament are elected by voters in their local constituency (riding). This is a fundamental part of Canada's democratic process.

• ✓Members of Parliament are elected by voters
• ✓They are elected in their local constituency (riding)
• ✓This reflects participation in the Canadian democratic process

Under Section 5(1)(e) of the Citizenship Act, the Minister shall grant citizenship to any person who has an adequate knowledge of Canada and the responsibilities and privileges of citizenship.

• ✓Citizenship requires adequate knowledge of Canada
• ✓Applicants must know the responsibilities and privileges of citizenship
• ✓This is set out in Section 5 of the Citizenship Act

Under Section 15 of the Citizenship Regulations, an adequate knowledge of Canada requires knowing national symbols and understanding: political and military history; social and cultural history; physical and political geography; and the Canadian system of government as a constitutional monarchy. Knowledge of citizenship responsibilities includes democratic participation, participation in society (volunteerism, respect for environment and heritage), and respect for rights, freedoms and obligations.

• ✓Applicants must know Canada's national symbols
• ✓Required knowledge covers history, geography and government
• ✓Government is understood as a constitutional monarchy
• ✓Citizenship knowledge includes democratic participation and respect for laws